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To
Parrot Fanciers, they're
known as quaker parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus). In the wild, more
often than not, they*re
called monk parakeets. Whatever the name, their species is the only parrot
to build freestanding nests out of sticks and other materials. Other
parrots build nests, but house them in tree cavities or other
non-freestanding locations; these nests are only used for breeding
purposes and are abandoned after the young have fledged.
Quaker nests are big, complex structures that typically
host more than one family, with each family having its own
"apartment" and entrance. They live in these nests year round,
another distinctive trait of their species.
Quakers choose high, safe locations to build their
huge, twiggy homes. Sometimes they make
them at the tops of palm trees or, less conveniently for their human
neighbors, the tops of utility poles, frequently right next to the
transformers that carry electricity.
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However it began, Florida's feral
quaker population has become well-established throughout the state and
there are other feral flocks in locations throughout the United States.
The largest populations live in the warm climates of Florida and Texas,
but they also occupy colder areas like Chicago, Illinois, and Brooklyn,
New York.
Because quakers are communal dwellers,
their nest-size grows as more birds join the flock. Eventually, what began
as a reasonably sized pile of sticks can grow into an enormous structure.
These structures present a hazard and can interfere with the proper
operation of the electrical equipment on an electricity pole. To prevent
this from happening, the local electric utility company in Florida calls
out crews to remove the nests when they overgrow the safety margin. |
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Campagna waded
through the bureaucracy of the utility company, attempting to locate
someone with the authority to enact a process protecting the young quakers
during nest removals. "I eventually located a department that
works with environmental groups to protect endangered native wildlife that
is impacted by utitilies, "she explained. "Although they
were initially hesitant to work with nonnative species, such as the quaker,
they bowed to the more important issue of protecting defenseless creatures
and agreed to help." They agreed to contact a list of
volunteers the day before a scheduled quaker nest teardown. The
volunteers would have the opportunity to organize local resources to
participate at the nest site and accept the displaced babies and
eggs. Campagna recognized this as a major concession on the part of
the utility company and as a first step toward rescuing the babies.
The next step was
to explain the situation to the nearly 400 members of the Quaker Parakeet
Mailing List. With just one posting to the group a list was
generated. The posting asked for volunteers in various Florida
counties willing to be responsible for prearranging breeders and wildlife
care centers to accept and raise the displaced young quakers.
The response from
the mailing list was overwhelming. Campagna easily signed up
volunteer contacts for the key areas in Florida where quakers are
numerous. Some members expressed sorrow at not being able to cover
an area because they lived across the country. The volunteer list
was forwarded to the utility company, where it has been put to good use. |
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The first time
Campagna's list ws used was during a nest teardown in April 1999.
Bruce "Doc" Wolfson, who lives in Miami's fashionable South
Beach, had only been involved with quakers for about a year. Wolfson
had hand-fed his own bird sine it was just a few weeks old, and he knew
how vulnerable the tiny babies were. Wolfson was a natural to take
on the rescue project.
"I said I
would try, " states Wolfson. "I wondered what I had gotten
myself into. I had only one experience with
hand-feeding." It was a terrifying process that he did not know
much about, yet he had been placed in charges of the rescue of innumerable
chicks and eggs. Like the people from the utility company, he felt
it was the only humane thing to do.
After speaking to
people he knew, Wolfson figured ha had Dade County covered for the
majority of what might happen. "I had two breeders involved who
said they would help -- one at either end of Dade County. I also
looked for a vet but did not have any luck there. Broward
County, on the other hand, was on a back burner until later."
After an initial burst of activity setting up his crew, there was no
contact from the utility company. What Wolfson describes as "a
feeling of complacency" set in. "I didn't call anyone I
thought I might have to, figuring I would go see them instead. But
nothing happened, and there was no progress on my end.
Of course, life
did not go according to his assumption. One Friday, a call came in
form he utility company stating that they would be moving two nest in
neighboring Broward County on the following Monday. They provided
the address and the time -- 9:00 a.m., sharp. Wolfson's arrangements
had to be coordinated over the weekend. Calling around, Wolfson
spoke to The Wildlife Care Center in Fort Lauderdale, who promised to have
an on-site ambulance standing by. "Perfect!" he thought ,
but while shopping later in the day , he bought a picnic basket (just like
the one he used to transport his own bird) just in case there were
problems with the ambulance.
On Sunday,
Wolfson and his godson traveled 30 miles from Miami to the nest site
to check things out. Neither nest looked big, but because of
the time of year, both probably had chicks and/or eggs. The nests
were on transformers and neither showed much activity. |
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On Monday, the day
of the removal, Wolfson's job took him to an area close to the
nests. Arriving at 8:30 a.m., he found that the nests were active,
appearing to have three to four birds in each. At 9:00 a.m., a truck
from the ut8ility company arrived and Fran, a retired utility company
worker now working under contract for an environmental services company,
introduced himself. He gave Wolfson a short course on how
transformers (actually storage batteries meant to help keep a constant
power output and prevent unmanageable power surges) work, as well as how
feral quaker interrupt the function of the transformers. Fran then
gave a short explanation of what was about to happen.
A second truck, a cherry
picker,, arrived shortly thereafter, driven by Terry, who also worked for
the environmental company. Both men wer quickly in safety harnesses
and busy taking doiwn the nest. The first nest yielded seven eggs,
including tow with holes in them. While this was taking place,
Wolfson noted that the ambulance he had promised was not there.
After many frantice calls,
he discoverd the wildlife center had another emergency and was trying to
find a nearby volunteer to cover the nest teardown. Meanwhile,
Wolfson put the piece of nest with the eggs in the back of his truck while
the utility company's workers went back for the second nest.
"this nest had four
babies, I think, " Wolfson said, admitting how shaken he was by
the experience. "There was still no ambulance. The
utility guys were as gentle as you can imagine -- they treated the babies
like they were thier own.
After the nest was torn
down, the parent quakers were visibly upset. Wolfson continued,
"Fran was on the ground. Terry was cleaning up the nest part
and sticks, and putting them in a bag for disposal. It was
sad. The quaker on the eggs and chicks waited until the guy was
within arm's reach before going out the back of the nest.
"After we had the
chicks in the truck, the bird and its mate came to the wires, stared at
where the bird nest had been and made a loud commotion. Fran looked
up at the birds and said, "I would be mad too if I was you,
partner."\
With no ambulance or
brooder nearby, Wolfson put the eggs and babies into the carrier he had
bought. Lined with paper, the tiny nestlings and the eggs were
whisked off the The Wildlife Care Center in Fort Lauderdale, where the
babies were fed and placed with foster avian parents. Wolfson met
and thanked the director, then dashed off to work. The total time
spent on the rescue was three hours. |
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The following Tuesday, Wolfson
recieved another call about a nest tear-down in the same area that would
take place on Thursday. The wildlife center although interested, had
thier hands full caring tor native species. Understandably, they
were unable to strain thier limited resources, but hey gave Wolfson names
of other that could help. He said that the wildlife cneter's poeple
were a great help and a wonderful resource for getting the job done.
Other volunteers requiered
specific times in advance in order to coordinate their schedules.
This was largely impractical, given the random way the nest are
removed. Happlily though, Campagnawho Wolfson calls "the
angel" of the story, referred him to Bob Turner, of Brenda's Birds in
Delray. Turner was the breeder who originally brought the problem of
the nest removals to Karen's attention. Turner assured Wolfson tha
he would be ther to help with the babies anytime and anywhere.
Thursday arrived.
Wolfson took a sick day from work. The nest-removal crew
arrived. Turner arrived with a brooder and an incubator in his
truck. The nests came down. This time, however, there were
more than 25 babies, ranging from 2 days to a week old. There were
also 15 eggs. Turner placed them in their protective transports and
whisked them off to their new temporary home. |
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Wolfson thanked the Quaker
Mailing List for "moral support and ideas that were greatly
appreciated." Most of all, he was thrilled "to get to see
a bunch of our "little green chickens" not become part of the
food chain.
"If this story moves
anyone to ant ot help in some way, " he concluded, " I would
suggest a donation to The Wildlife Care Center in Fort Lauderdale.
The have quaker there, and they really go out of there way to make sure
they are getting good homes before they let them go. This includes
home visits from an adoption counselor." The center is located
at 3200 SW 4th Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33315.
Campagna refers to Wolfson
as her "hero." He was able to pull together the necessary
components to make the rescue happen, even though he felt completely
unequipped to handle the job.
Campagna believes that the
feral monk dilemma is not going to be easily solved. She says,
"The Florida Audubon Society has not commissioned a consultant
researcher to do a census of quaker nests, as a first step to
understanding the impact the South American parrot has on our ecological
space.
"While Audubon's
usual position on non-native species is generally not favorable; the jury
is still out with regards to the quaker. No empirical evidence has
been gathered to refute the notion that quakers have peacefully found ther
niche in our ecological chain. Until such evidence is found, if ever
it is, I believe quakers deserve the same protection afforded our
native creatures. The list of quaker rescue volunteers working
with the utility company is a step in that direction. |
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